A male/female BSP union (sometimes called a "Street Union") is a three-piece fitting with one external (male) threaded end and one internal (female) threaded end. It is used to join a male-threaded pipe directly to a female-threaded port or fitting while maintaining the ability to easily disconnect the line for maintenance.
Thread Configurations
In most UK and European industrial applications, these unions utilize two types of BSP threads:
Male End: Typically BSPT (Tapered). The tapering creates a pressure-tight seal by wedging into the mating female thread.
Female End: Typically BSPP (Parallel). These threads have a constant diameter and often rely on the internal seat of the union for the final seal.
Sealing Types
Conical (Cone) Seat: Features a metal-to-metal tapered interface between the internal pieces. This design is highly reliable for high-pressure or high-temperature systems as it does not require a separate gasket.
Flat Seat: The internal faces are flat and require a gasket or washer (often PTFE or rubber) to create a seal. These are easier to align in low-pressure applications.
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